Astronomers have observed large, highly active Burley spiral galaxies in early universes, and have discovered important similarities and differences with modern galaxies.
This improves our understanding of how spiral galaxies grow and evolve, like our own Milky Way galaxies.
A team led by Japanese National Astronomer and Nagoya University project researcher Shuo Huang used Atacama’s massive millimeter/sub-millimeter array (ALMA) radio galaxies to observe the large Barred spiral galaxy known as J0107A, known as J0107A, which existed before 11.1 virion.
Unique patterns of spiral galaxies
Several spiral galaxies, including the Milky Way, show straight bars within the spiral pattern. This bar structure helps to direct the gas towards the center of the Galaxy, where it can be used to form new stars.
However, the reason why bars form in only about half of the spiral galaxies and how they affect the evolution of the galaxy is an unanswered question.
Located in the constellation Cetus, J0107a is a galaxy of “monsters” that grows rapidly in the early universe by forming many new stars.
Because they are far away, it was difficult to see the detailed structure of the monster galaxy and decide what was driving this active star formation.
Recently, the improved resolution provided by James Webb Space Telescope has revealed spirals and even bars in several monster galaxies.
J0107a is the earliest and largest spiral galaxy known to date, making it the perfect target for studying the evolution of Burred spiral galaxies in early universes.
Differences compared to modern galaxies
The team found that in J0107A the distribution and movement of gas within the bars are similar to that in modern galaxies.
However, compared to modern galaxies, the concentration of gas is several times higher, and the gas flow is faster, reaching hundreds of kilometers per second in spiral galaxies.
Astronomers believe that this massive gas flow into the centre will help promote significant additional star formation and promote the evolution of this monster Galaxy. This was the first time these features were observed and were not predicted by theoretical or simulation models.
Huang commented: “We expect detailed information on the distribution and movement of the gases obtained through these observations to provide important clues to explore not only the origin of galactic diversity, but also the formation and evolution of more normal Burred spiral galaxies.”
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