A new analysis of ancient DNA from 15 people who lived in the Italian Alps shows that living in the Italian Alps at the same time as Iceman shows that Ötzi’s ancestors are clearly different from his neighbors.
“We analyzed 15 more copper ages, and they have the same genetic structure as the Iceman,” Valentina Coia, a researcher at the Mummy Institute in Bolzano, Italy, told Live Science via email. However, a closer look at DNA to understand the lineage revealed that “the results could be compared to the results of Iceman, which was different from other alpine samples in the area.”
In a study published July 11 in the journal Nature Communications, COIA and colleagues analyzed the genomes of 47 people who lived in the Tyrolean Alps during the Middle Bronze Age of 6400 BC and 1300 BC.
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The most famous individual they investigated was Ötzi, who lived in the Alps five or three hundred years ago before being murdered in mystical circumstances. His mummified, frozen body was discovered by tourists in 1991. Previous studies found that Ötzi “has an unusually high Anatolia peasant ancestor,” and researchers wanted to investigate whether there were similar ancestors to 3368 and 3108 BC, and whether there were 3108 BC from around 3368 and 3108 BC. Steps.
Analysis by researchers of ancient genomes revealed that most prehistoric alpine people had a higher proportion of Anatolia’s peasant ancestors (80% to 90%) and a lower proportion of hunter-gatherer ancestors. Most of these people also exhibited similar genomic structures and ancestors, they wrote in their studies.
For example, Y chromosome data that help track father lineages revealed that almost every man tested shares similar ancestors discovered in prehistoric Germany and France. In contrast, Ötzi had a different paternal lineage that was more widely used, the researchers write.
Related: Ötzi Iceman used surprisingly modern techniques on his tattoo 5,3300 years ago, research suggests
Although paternal lineages of prehistoric alpine men were very similar, maternal lineages were diverse, suggesting that women may be married to a close-up group of men.
However, the maternal lineage of Ötzi has never been identified in other ancient or modern individuals, the researchers wrote, and were not found in other alpine peoples analysed in the study.
“This may suggest extinction, as the maternal line has not been discovered yet,” Coia said. However, she warned that the data was somewhat difficult to interpret.
“Perhaps compared to other individuals from the same era, the Iceman comes from different groups of farmers, but this can only be discovered if there is more data on Neolithic individuals in Anatolia and northern Italy,” she said.
Previous studies revealed that Ötzi had dark hair and dark eyes, so the researchers also looked for these traits of six individuals whose genome was completed enough to predict hair and eye color. “these [people] They wrote, they wrote. And their genomes also revealed that all prehistoric alpine people are lactose intolerant, just like Etzi.
Prior to this study, only two genomes of copper-aged people in the Alps in eastern Italy had been analyzed. An additional 15 new genomes from Ozzi’s “neighbors” are improving researchers’ understanding of the lives of people who lived in this cold, high-altitude area.
“We have no information about the cultural groups that Iceman may have belonged to,” the researchers wrote, and “our findings open up some questions about the genetic origin and cultural affiliation of this enigmatic individual.”
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