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Humanoid robots can pick up objects, run them, play sports (to a limited extent), but can they master the rhythm of a drum kit? They’re kind of things thanks to new research.
Robot Drummer is a humanoid robot avatar capable of “expressive and highly accurate drums,” scientists at Politecnico Di Milano said in a new study uploaded to the preprint ARXIV database on July 15.
This was a concept that was spontaneously conceived by co-authors Asad Ali Shahid and Loris Roveda, they told Tech Explore.
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“We were discussing how humanoid robots were increasingly capable on a wide range of tasks, but rarely engaged in a creative and expressive domain,” Ali Shahid said. “It raised a fascinating question: What if a humanoid robot can take on a creative role, such as playing music?
Robot drummers are not the robots themselves. Rather, it is a simulation that uses the G1 Unitree robot as a model to build a system that will ultimately be used by future humanoid robots. 3D visualized G1 robot plays a color-coded drum kit.
A video released on YouTube shows the robot drummer mimicking the drumbeat into two famous songs. The sound can be a little farther away. Probably to make the drums more accessible to the ears. Linkin Park’s “The Last” rendition is heard right after the rhythm, but police attempts at “Roxanne” sound more suited to the rest of the arrangement.
Related: Robots awkwardly race, fight and flop in China’s first world humanoid robot game
Researchers learn to play any instrument, especially drums, is to present a unique challenge. This is a multifaceted task that requires split 2 seconds timing, quick contact, and adjustment of limb combinations. All of these should be kept for a few minutes.
Trial and error is the basis for learning for robot drummers, and researchers employ reinforced learning (RL). This is a type of artificial intelligence (AI) machine learning process in which agents learn to make decisions by interacting with the environment.
Agents are rewarded or punished for their actions with mathematical signals. This is a positive number that means correct behavior. The goal is to get more rewards by finding the best policy. For robot drummers, each song was represented as a chain of “contact events” with precise timing, according to researchers who informed the robot where and where a drum strike was needed.
Researchers said the behaviors learned included specific drum strategies, such as cross-arm strikes and adaptive stick assignments (using drumsticks for specific sounds). This demonstrated the potential for reinforcement learning in creative domains such as music, researchers said.
Researchers said the robot drummer had extensive experiments, including over 30 popular songs in pop, rock, metal and jazz.
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