Black holes are often seen as universe monsters that scatter things that are too unlucky so badly. However, new research suggests that they don’t always win. Some stars can be read briefly through Sagittarius A*, the central black hole of the Milky Way. Lose mass; then stagger. Though wounded but alive, these survivors are brighter than before, leaving behind a clue that astronomers are learning to read now.
“Just the same way the moon tides on Earth, black holes pull black holes on a star with much greater power,” Yale University’s doctoral candidate in astronomy and lead author of the study, told Live Science in an email. If you push too much, the stars will be unleashed. However, some people endure tension. “One of the stars we modeled lost over 60% of the envelope, but still held enough core material to survive and escape,” Bush said.
By counting survivors’ stars, the authors believe that astronomers may measure how often Sagittarius A eats nearby stars. And I think that number could help explain how the Galaxy central black hole grew to 4 million times the mass of the sun.
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“Black holes are like chickens in a shed where they only eat what they’re given,” Haino Falke, a professor of astrophysics at Radbaud University in the Netherlands who is not involved in the research, told LivesCience in an email. “This study provides a new toolbox for finding stars on these stars and learning about the history of the feeding habits of the galaxy central black holes.”
Bright after the storm
Using advanced 3D simulations, the team tracked stars passing through black holes in the Milky Way, tracking their long-term evolution. The results, published on August 27th in Astrophysical Journal Letters, showed that near misses, known as partial tide disruption, could cause a great transformation. Survivor Stars throw away the plasma ribbon, bulging many times its original size and brightened ten times over thousands of years.
But the show doesn’t last long. The surviving stars gradually shrink and begin to pretend to be a normal star. Their only prize is chemicals. Violence dries helium and nitrogen from the core to the surface.
“We’ll need to get spectroscopic data,” Bush said — destroying starlights into the colour of its components — “recognizing anomalies that reveal trauma.”
Giuseppe Rodato, an associate professor of astrophysics at the University of Milan who is not involved in the study, told Live Science via email that the survivor star is well known to astrophysicists, but the study stands out by characterizing brightness and chemistry evolution over time.
G Object Clues
This study may also address the mystery that has remained at the heart of the Milky Way over the years. Astronomers have observed several fuzzy light sources known as G objects. These bodies move like stars, but appear to be diffuse clouds in infrared images. Survivor stars fit the description – they are wrapped in swelling, substances that have been blown away during confusion.
“The way the authors create links to G-objects that are still mystical and heavily discussed is extremely exciting,” Selma de Mink, science director at the Max Planck Institute in Germany, who is not involved in the research, told Live Science in an email.
Finding these stars is not an easy task. Sjoert Van Velzen, an assistant professor at Leiden Observatory in the Netherlands who is not involved in the study, emailed the report that even the most ambitious new research, such as those conducted by the Vera C. Rubin Observatory, will uncover thousands of bright flares of perfect tide dirations in distant galaxies.
“The galaxy is busy in the heart of the galaxy, and Stardust blocks most of the optical light,” De Mink said. Infrared devices such as gravity, which she likes to thermal cameras, are holes in smoke, and are more suitable to identify swollen stars that can hide within difficult G-objects.
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